Korean Alphabet (Hangul) Chart

Hangul has 14 basic consonants, 10 basic vowels, 5 double consonants, and 11 compound vowels. Click any character to see its pronunciation guide.

Basic Consonants (자음)

14 consonants, the building blocks of Korean syllables

Double Consonants (쌍자음)

5 tense consonants, pronounced with more force and no aspiration

Basic Vowels (모음)

10 vowels that combine with consonants to form syllable blocks

Compound Vowels (이중 모음)

11 diphthongs, two vowel sounds blended together

Hangul lessons (free guides)

Deep dives for each building block — vowels, consonants, batchim, and more. Linked from the chart so you can follow the full learning path.

• Basic vowels ㅏ ㅓ ㅗ ㅜ ㅡ ㅣKorean's six basic vowels. Every syllable starts with a consonant. If there isn't one, ㅇ is used as a silent placeholder (e.g. 아 = just the vowel ㅏ).Open lesson →
• Basic consonants ㄱ ㄴ ㄷ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅅ ㅈ ㅎNine plain consonants. They combine with vowels into syllable blocks: consonant on the left or top, vowel on the right or bottom.Open lesson →
• Y-vowels ㅑ ㅕ ㅛ ㅠIotized ("y-glide") vowels: add a quick "y" sound before the base vowel. ㅏ→ㅑ (ya), ㅓ→ㅕ (yeo), ㅗ→ㅛ (yo), ㅜ→ㅠ (yu).Open lesson →
• Aspirated consonants ㅋ ㅌ ㅍ ㅊAspirated consonants release a puff of air. Pairs with the plain consonants: ㄱ↔ㅋ, ㄷ↔ㅌ, ㅂ↔ㅍ, ㅈ↔ㅊ.Open lesson →
• Tense consonants ㄲ ㄸ ㅃ ㅆ ㅉTense (doubled) consonants: pronounced with tight throat muscles, no breath. Korean has a three-way distinction: plain / aspirated / tense.Open lesson →
• Complex vowels ㅐ ㅔ ㅒ ㅖ ㅘ ㅙ ㅚ ㅝ ㅞ ㅟ ㅢEleven combined vowels. In modern Seoul speech ㅐ and ㅔ sound nearly identical ("eh"); ㅢ has special rules depending on position.Open lesson →
• 받침: final consonantsA 받침 is a consonant at the bottom of a syllable block. Any 받침 collapses to one of seven sounds: [ㄱ ㄴ ㄷ ㄹ ㅁ ㅂ ㅇ]. So 옷, 옻, and 잇 all sound the same [옫].Open lesson →